Hypoxia-induced PVT1 promotes lung cancer chemoresistance to cisplatin by autophagy via PVT1/miR-140-3p/ATG5 axis

Abstract

Abstract Lung cancer is one of the most common and lethal malignant tumors and the cases increased rapidly. Elevated chemoresistance during chemotherapy resistance remains a challenge. Hypoxia is one of the components that lead to chemoresistance. PVT1 participates in various tumor drug resistance and is associated with hypoxia conditions. The present study aimed to analyze the regulatory relationship of hypoxia and PVT1 and the mechanism of PVT1 in the hypoxia-induced chemoresistance process of lung cancer. The expression of PVT1 in lung cancer and adjacent tissues, and cell lines were analyzed using the TCGA database and qPCR. The regulatory relationship between hypoxia and PVT1 was validated and analyzed with qPCR, luciferase reporter system, and CHIP-qPCR. The role of PVT1 in chemoresistance ability induced by hypoxia was analyzed with CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry. The roles of PVT1, hypoxia, and chemoresistance were also analyzed with LC3-GFP transfection, WB, and IHC. Finally, the results were further validated in xenograft models. PVT1 is highly expressed in lung cancer and cell lines, and the expression of PVT1 is regulated by HIF-1α, and the luciferase reporter assay and CHIP-qPCR analysis indicated that HIF-1α could bind to the promoter region of PVT1 and regulate PVT1 expression. PVT1 participated in hypoxia-induced chemoresistance and induced higher viability and lower apoptosis rate by the autophagy signaling pathway via PVT1/miR-140-3p/ATG5 axis. All the findings were validated in the xenograft models. In conclusion, these results suggest that the expression of PVT1 is regulated by HIF-1α and participates in hypoxia-induced chemoresistance.