Presence 5 for Racial Justice Workshop: Fostering Dialogue Across Medical Education to Disrupt Anti-Black Racism in Clinical Encounters
Megha Shankar,
Kelsey Henderson,
Raquel Garcia,
Gabrielle Li,
KeAndrea Titer,
Rhonda Graves Acholonu,
Utibe R. Essien,
Cati Brown-Johnson,
Joy Cox,
Jonathan G. Shaw,
Marie Christine Haverfield,
Kenji Taylor,
Sonoo Thadaney Israni,
Donna Zulman
Affiliations
Megha Shankar
Advanced Physician Fellow, Center for Innovation to Implementation, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System; Postdoctoral Scholar, Center for Health Policy/Center for Primary Care and Outcomes Research, Stanford University
Kelsey Henderson
Second-Year Medical Student, Meharry Medical College
Raquel Garcia
Fourth-Year Undergraduate Student, San Jose State University
Gabrielle Li
Fourth-Year Undergraduate Student, Stanford University
KeAndrea Titer
Assistant Professor, Department of Medicine and Hospital Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham
Rhonda Graves Acholonu
Associate Professor of Pediatrics, Division of Hospital Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital at Montefiore/Albert Einstein College of Medicine
Utibe R. Essien
Assistant Professor of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh; Core Investigator, Center for Health Equity Research and Promotion, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System
Cati Brown-Johnson
Research Scientist, Division of Primary Care and Population Health, Stanford University
Joy Cox
Program Development Analyst, Office of Primary Care and Community Initiatives, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School; Presence Fellow, Presence Center, Stanford University
Jonathan G. Shaw
Clinical Associate Professor, Division of Primary Care and Population Health, Stanford University
Marie Christine Haverfield
Assistant Professor, Department of Communication Studies, San Jose State University
Kenji Taylor
Stanford Intermountain Fellow and Instructor, Division of Primary Care and Population Health, Stanford University
Sonoo Thadaney Israni
Executive Director, Presence Center, Stanford University
Donna Zulman
Associate Professor, Division of Primary Care and Population Health, Stanford University; Associate Director, Center for Innovation to Implementation, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System
Introduction Anti-Black racism has strong roots in American health care and medical education. While curricula on social determinants of health are increasingly common in medical training, curricula directly addressing anti-Black racism are limited. Existing frameworks like the Presence 5 framework for humanism in medicine can be adapted to develop a novel workshop that promotes anti-racism communication. Methods We performed a literature review of anti-racism collections and categorized anti-racism communication practices using the Presence 5 framework to develop the Presence 5 for Racial Justice Workshop. Implementation included an introductory didactic, a small-group discussion, and a large-group debrief. Participants evaluated the workshop via an online survey, and we analyzed the resulting qualitative feedback. Results A total of 17 participants took part in two workshops, with nine of the participants responding to the evaluation survey. Themes that emerged from survey responses included strengths of and improvements for the workshop structure (protected time for anti-racism discussion, dialogue between learners and faculty) and content (specific phrases and language, practicing self-reflection). Discussion The workshop provides participants with a semistructured discussion around the five anti-racism communication practices. Barriers to implementation include incorporating the workshop into existing curricula and ensuring diverse learners. Barriers to evaluating the workshop include the low survey response rate. Recommendations to improve the workshop include using case-based discussion and varying the workshop structure according to institutional needs. Next steps include an implementation study to evaluate the acceptability, feasibility, and effectiveness of the workshop.
