Optical Coupling in Atomic Waveguide for Vertically Integrated Photonics
Yue Wang,
Junzhuan Wang,
Ruijuan Tian,
Jiapeng Zheng,
Lei Shao,
Bo Liu,
Fengqiu Wang,
Xuetao Gan,
Yi Shi,
Xiaomu Wang
Affiliations
Yue Wang
School of Electronic Science and Engineering,
Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
Junzhuan Wang
School of Electronic Science and Engineering,
Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
Ruijuan Tian
Key Laboratory of Light Field Manipulation and Information Acquisition, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optical Information Technology, School of Physical Science and Technology,
Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710129, China.
Jiapeng Zheng
Department of Physics,
The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Lei Shao
State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology,
Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
Bo Liu
Institute of Optics and Electronics,
Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China.
Fengqiu Wang
School of Electronic Science and Engineering,
Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
Xuetao Gan
Key Laboratory of Light Field Manipulation and Information Acquisition, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optical Information Technology, School of Physical Science and Technology,
Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710129, China.
Yi Shi
School of Electronic Science and Engineering,
Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
Xiaomu Wang
School of Electronic Science and Engineering,
Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
Integrated 2-dimensional (2D) photonic devices such as monolayer waveguide has generated exceptional interest because of their ultimate thinness. In particular, they potentially permit stereo photonic architecture through bond-free van der Waals integration. However, little is known about the coupling and controlling of the single-atom guided wave to its photonic environment, which governs the design and application of integrated system. Here, we report the optical coupling of atomically guided waves to other photonic modes. We directly probe the mode beating between evanescent waves in a monolayer 2D waveguide and a silicon photonic waveguide, which constitutes a vertically integrated interferometer. The mode-coupling measures the dispersion relation of the guided wave inside the atomic waveguide and unveils it strongly modifies matter’s electronic states, manifesting by the formation of a propagating polariton. We also demonstrated light modulating and spectral detecting in this compact nonplanar interferometer. These findings provide a generalizable and versatile platform toward monolithic 3-dimensional integrated photonics.
