Medicina v Kuzbasse (Sep 2024)
METABOLIC DISORDERS AND BEHAVIORAL RISK FACTORS IN KUZBASS MINERS WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION
Abstract
The subject was the relationship of metabolic disorders and behavioral risk factors with arterial hypertension. The objective was the study of the relationship of metabolic disorders and behavioral risk factors with arterial hypertension among workers of coal enterprises in Kuzbass. Study materials and methods. A clinical examination of 313 coal industry workers was conducted. When diagnosing arterial hypertension, the criteria of the clinical guidelines «Arterial hypertension in adults» were used. Metabolic disorders were defined at a body mass index of more than 25 kg/m2, the levels of fasting glucose of more than 6.0 mmol/l, and triglycerides of more than 1.7 mmol/l. The level of motivation for health was determined using the questionnaires «Index of Motivation for Health and a Healthy Lifestyle» and «Your Lifestyle». Smoking and physical inactivity were identified through a survey. Main results. The incidence of arterial hypertension among the examined miners was 30.9 %. An increase in the frequency of overweight was detected up to 80 % (p < 0.01; RR = 2.57; CI = 1.24-5.35) in patients with stage 1 arterial hypertension and an increase in the frequency of overweight up to 87.9 % (p < 0.001; RR = 3.99; CI = 1.88-8.45), fasting hyperglycemia up to 53.4 % (p < 0.001; RR = 2.67; CI = 1.7-4.18), triglyceride levels up to 63.6 % (p < 0.005; RR = 2.16; CI = 1.32-3.54) in arterial hypertension of stages 2 and 3. Among the patients with arterial hypertension, there is a tendency to reduce the frequency of smoking and deviant lifestyle and a tendency to increase the frequency of low physical activity and low motivation for a healthy lifestyle. In arterial hypertension of stages 2 and 3, there is a significant decrease in the frequency of smoking to 19.6 % compared with the examined individuals with normal blood pressure figures of 37 % (χ2 – 6.03; p < 0.051; RR = 0.49; CI = 0.27-0.9) and there remains a tendency to increase the frequency of low motivation for a healthy lifestyle and low physical activity. Conclusions. A significant increase in the frequency of excess body weight with stage 1 arterial hypertension among coal industry workers was revealed. In arterial hypertension of stages 2 and 3, there is a significant increase in the incidence of overweight, fasting hyperglycemia and hypertriglyceridemia. There are no significant differences in the frequency of behavioral risk factors in patients with stage 1 arterial hypertension and persons with normal blood pressure. In arterial hypertension of stages 2 and3, a significant decrease in the frequency of smoking and a tendency to increase the frequency of low motivation for a healthy lifestyle and low physical activity were revealed.
