The Trajectory of Antibody Responses One Year Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection among Indigenous Individuals in the Southwest United States
Claire P. Smith,
Rachel M. Hartman,
Alexa M. Kugler,
Verlena Little,
Owen R. Baker,
Tarayn A. Fairlie,
Reinaldo E. Fernandez,
Melissa B. Hagen,
Elvira Honie,
Oliver Laeyendecker,
Claire M. Midgley,
Dennie Parker,
Marqia Sandoval,
Saki Takahashi,
Laura L. Hammitt,
Catherine G. Sutcliffe
Affiliations
Claire P. Smith
Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
Rachel M. Hartman
Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
Alexa M. Kugler
Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
Verlena Little
Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
Owen R. Baker
Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
Tarayn A. Fairlie
Division of Coronaviruses and Other Respiratory Viruses, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
Reinaldo E. Fernandez
Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
Melissa B. Hagen
Division of Coronaviruses and Other Respiratory Viruses, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
Elvira Honie
Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
Oliver Laeyendecker
Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
Claire M. Midgley
Division of Coronaviruses and Other Respiratory Viruses, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
Dennie Parker
Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
Marqia Sandoval
Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
Saki Takahashi
Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
Laura L. Hammitt
Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
Catherine G. Sutcliffe
Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
SARS-CoV-2 antibody kinetics based on immunologic history is not fully understood. We analyzed anti-spike and anti-nucleocapsid antibody responses following acute infection in a cohort of Indigenous persons. The models of peak concentrations and decay rates estimated that one year after infection, participants would serorevert for anti-nucleocapsid antibodies and remain seropositive for anti-spike antibodies. The peak anti-spike concentrations were higher for individuals vaccinated prior to infection, but the decay rates were similar across immunologic status groups. Children had significantly lower peak anti-spike concentrations than adults. This study affirms the importance of continued vaccination to maintain high levels of immunity in the face of waning immunity.
