Phase separation and domain crystallinity control enable open‐air‐printable highly efficient and sustainable organic photovoltaics
Jie Lv,
Xiaokang Sun,
Hua Tang,
Fei Wang,
Guangye Zhang,
Liangxiang Zhu,
Jiaming Huang,
Qianguang Yang,
Shirong Lu,
Gang Li,
Frédéric Laquai,
Hanlin Hu
Affiliations
Jie Lv
Hoffmann Institute of Advanced Materials, Shenzhen Polytechnic University Shenzhen the People's Republic of China
Xiaokang Sun
Hoffmann Institute of Advanced Materials, Shenzhen Polytechnic University Shenzhen the People's Republic of China
Hua Tang
KAUST Solar Center, Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE) Materials Science and Engineering Program (MSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Fei Wang
Hoffmann Institute of Advanced Materials, Shenzhen Polytechnic University Shenzhen the People's Republic of China
Guangye Zhang
College of New Materials and New Energies, Shenzhen Technology University Shenzhen the People's Republic of China
Liangxiang Zhu
College of New Materials and New Energies, Shenzhen Technology University Shenzhen the People's Republic of China
Jiaming Huang
Department of Electronic and Information Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong SAR the People's Republic of China
Qianguang Yang
Department of Material Science and Technology Taizhou University Taizhou the People's Republic of China
Shirong Lu
Department of Material Science and Technology Taizhou University Taizhou the People's Republic of China
Gang Li
Department of Electronic and Information Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong SAR the People's Republic of China
Frédéric Laquai
KAUST Solar Center, Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE) Materials Science and Engineering Program (MSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Hanlin Hu
Hoffmann Institute of Advanced Materials, Shenzhen Polytechnic University Shenzhen the People's Republic of China
Abstract Organic solar cells (OSCs) have emerged as a promising solution for sustainable energy production, offering advantages such as a low carbon footprint, short energy payback period, and compatibility with eco‐solvents. However, the use of hazardous solvents continues to dominate the best‐performing OSCs, mainly because of the challenges of controlling phase separation and domain crystallinity in eco‐solvents. In this study, we combined the solvent vapor treatment of CS2 and thermal annealing to precisely control the phase separation and domain crystallinity in PM6:M‐Cl and PM6:O‐Cl systems processed with the eco‐solvent o‐xylene. This method resulted in a maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.4%, which is among the highest values reported for sustainable binary OSCs. Furthermore, the fabrication techniques were transferred from spin coating in a nitrogen environment to blade printing in ambient air, retaining a PCE of 16.0%, showing its potential for high‐throughput and scalable production. In addition, a comparative analysis of OSCs processed with hazardous and green solvents was conducted to reveal the differences in phase aggregation. This work not only underscores the significance of sustainability in OSCs but also lays the groundwork for unlocking the full potential of open‐air‐printable sustainable OSCs for commercialization.
