Hand Grip Strength and Likelihood of Moderate-to-Severe Airflow Limitation in the General Population

Abstract

Sunyoung Kim,1 Hyoung Kyu Yoon,2 Chin Kook Rhee,3 Hee-Won Jung,4 Hyun Lee,5 Yong Suk Jo3 1Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea; 2Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yeouido St Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea; 3Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea; 4Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; 5Division of Pulmonary Medicine and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, KoreaCorrespondence: Yong Suk Jo, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea, Tel [phone], Fax [phone], Email [email protected] and Objective: Sarcopenia is mainly results from aging; however, it is more prevalent in chronic airway disease such as obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Hand grip strength (HGS) can be used as an indicator to evaluate sarcopenia. We aimed to assess the association between HGS and severity of airflow limitation (AFL) in the general population.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) from 2014 to 2018. Subjects aged ≥ 40 years who underwent both spirometry and HGS tests were included. AFL was defined by spirometry revealed forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) < 0.70). A propensity score-matched comparison was performed, and the risk for moderate-to-very severe AFL was analyzed using logistic regression analysis.Results: Among 15,950 subjects, 2277 (14.3%) had AFL with mean FEV1 was 77.1% of the predicted value. Male was predominant in both individuals without AFL and with AFL (74.2% vs 73.5%, p = 0.613). The HGS was 32.9 ± 9.5 kg and 33.3 ± 9.5 kg in participants without AFL and with AFL (p = 0.109). However, HGS was significantly decreased as AFL getting more severe: 34.0 ± 9.6 kg in mild, 33.0 ± 9.5 kg in moderate, and 30.8 ± 8.5 kg in severe to very severe AFL group (p< 0.001). As HGS decreased, adjusted odds for moderate-to-very severe AFL increased compared to those with mild AFL (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.97; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.951– 0.987) and both without AFL and mild AFL group (aOR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.967– 0.995) in age-, sex-, and body mass index (BMI)-matched comparisons.Conclusion: Lower HGS is significantly associated with moderate-to-very severe AFL in age-, sex-, and BMI-matched comparisons.Keywords: hand grip strength, airflow limitation, severity

Keywords

• hand grip strength
• airflow limitation
• severity