RISK FACTORS FOR SPONTANEOUS PRETERM BIRTH

Abstract

The article reviews the literature on spontaneous preterm birth (PB) risk factors. The search for literature sources was conducted in the electronic databases Medline (PubMed), Scopus, Web of Science, eLibrary, and CyberLeninka for the last ten years using keywords such as preterm birth, epidemiology, perinatal outcomes, risk factors, and prognosis. PBs are a significant issue in modern obstetrics due to their widespread prevalence, contribution to perinatal morbidity and mortality, and the lack of reduction in their incidence in recent years, even in developed countries. Despite advancements in managing PB and care for mothers and premature newborns, there has been no decrease in the frequency of PBs. Therefore, studying risk factors for PBs is crucial for identifying pregnant women at risk and predicting the likelihood of PB during pregnancy, enabling the timely implementation of preventive measures.

Keywords

• premature birth
• frequency
• risk factors
• prediction