Science of evolution: between the historical science and functionalist science. Which approach adopted in the secondary education in Morocco for improving the environment of science study?

Abstract

Science of evolution is the basic of life and earth science (LES). It searches for mobilize the process and reasoning of tow scientific poles: functionalist and historical. Because it try together to reconstruct the history of living beings from their origins and to explain the working biological mechanisms in this process. Therefore, studies of evolution must respect this double polarization. In this article, we analyzed the programs of studied subjects in life and earth sciences for secondary school in Morocco to know how this polarization is taken into accent. We show that the programs of life and earth sciences are heaving biased toward the scientific pole functionalist. So, the historical sciences remains poor and implicit. This tendency, patent in the programs of life and earth science, might reveal probably more the difficult of evolution studies in Morocco.