The impact of virtual reality exposure therapy in the treatment of PTSD and anxiety disorders

Abstract

Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy (VRET) has emerged as a groundbreaking tool in the treatment of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and anxiety disorders, offering a controlled, immersive environment that facilitates desensitization and fear extinction. The review process adhered strictly to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. This literature review explores the mechanisms by which VRET enhances therapeutic outcomes, comparing its efficacy to traditional exposure therapies. Through an examination of clinical applications, particularly in PTSD and various anxiety disorders, the review highlights both the advantages of VRET—such as increased patient engagement and treatment customization—and its challenges, including technological limitations and ethical considerations. Future directions for VRET are also discussed, emphasizing its potential to revolutionize mental health care by integrating advancements in technology and personalized treatment approaches.

Keywords

• virtual reality exposure therapy (VRET)
• post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
• anxiety disorders
• desensitization
• immersive therapy
• treatment customization