Electrochemical Aptasensor with Antifouling Properties for Label-Free Detection of Oxytetracycline

Abstract

Oxytetracycline (OTC) is a widely employed antibiotic in veterinary treatment and in the prevention of infections, potentially leaving residues in animal-derived food products, such as milk, that are consumed by humans. Given the detrimental effects of prolonged human exposure to antibiotics, it has become imperative to develop precise and sensitive methods for monitoring the presence of OTC in food. Herein, we describe the development and results of a preliminary label-free electrochemical aptasensor with antifouling properties designed to detect OTC in milk samples. The sensor was realized by modifying a gold screen-printed electrode with α-lipoic acid–NHS and an amine-terminated aptamer. Different electrochemical techniques were used to study the steps of the fabrication process and to quantify OTC in the presence of the Fe(CN)64−/Fe(CN)63− redox couple The detectable range of concentrations satisfy the maximum residue limits set by the European Union, with an limit of detection (LOD) of 14 ng/mL in phosphate buffer (BP) and 10 ng/mL in the milk matrix, and a dynamic range of up to 500 ng/mL This study is a steppingstone towards the implementation of a sensitive monitoring method for OTC in dairy products.

Keywords

• aptasensor
• oxytetracycline
• electrochemical biosensor
• linker
• α-lipoic acid