TEXTOCENTRIC APPROACH TO TEACHING THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE IN PRIMARY SCHOOL

Abstract

This article considers development of primary school students’ coherent Russian speech. This kind of activity is believed to be quite productive provided it is based on the textocentric approach, the text being regarded as the highest communicative unit of speech. The purpose of the article is to study what causes main difficulties that primary school students face when producing a coherent Russian speech. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were set: to identify problems that primary school teachers encounter while organizing teaching texts of various styles, types and genres at Russian language lessons; to consider organization forms of students’ activities when working on the text; to suggest applying particular types of tasks and ways of working with texts. The following scientific methods were used: analysis of psychological, pedagogical and linguistic literature; observation; forecasting; systematization and generalization. The authors’ vision on the topic under study was substantiated, as well as the psychological and pedagogical conditions that ensure the positive dynamics in the development of bilingual students’ communicative competencies were defined. In order to increase the effectiveness of teaching Russian, texts of various styles, types and genres were used as the main didactic material. In this case, one should adhere to the principle from simple to complex, following the algorithm: analysis of the finished text, work on the structure of one’s own created text, compiling a text based on a given topic using “ready-made speech samples”, editing and improving the written text. The textocentric approach to teaching primary school students allows carrying out purposeful work at Russian language lessons aimed at practical actions for mastering speech as a real communication activity. In order to develop metasubject skills, the textocentric approach should be used at both native and foreign languages lessons.

Keywords

• начальная школа
• обучение русскому языку
• текстоцентрический подход
• коммуникативная компетенция
• развитие связной речи