Cervical degenerative disc disease: epidemiology, natural history, clinical presentation.

Abstract

Cervical Degenerative Disc Disease (CDDD) is a common diagnosis for patients with neck and arm pain. Abnormal MRI or x-ray findings are not enough to establish diagnosis and propose therapeutic intervention. Epidemiology, natural history and clinical syndromes related with CDDD are presented in detail.

Keywords

• neck and shoulder pain
• cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM)
• degenerative disc disease (DDD)
• spine
• spondylosis