Vliv klimatických podmínek na produkci třešní

Abstract

Over the 12 years, in 8 varieties of cherries on the G 5 rootstock without supplemental irrigation, the correlation between air temperature and precipitation on flowering date, flower and fruit set, ripening date and yield were assessed. Pearson`s correlation coefficient was used to establish a relationship between climatic conditions and tree parameters. A positive correlation was found between the flower set and the sum of precipitation from May to the end of June and from August to the end of September in prior year (r = 0.466; r = 0.446). A negative correlation was found for the flowering date with the sum of precipitation from March to the end of April (r = –0.828) in given year. Fruit set as well as yield were positively affected by air temperatures in a period from May to the end of July (r = 0.403; r = 0.431). Late spring frosts in 2010, 2011, 2014, 2016, 2017 and 2020 were a common phenomenon that limited the yield. For fruit ripening date, a correlation was determined on the sum of temperatures at the time of flowering and fruit development (r = –0.561; r = –0.523). There was a positive correlation in relation to precipitation at the time of fruit development (r = 0.397). Important influence was evident in date of flowering and ripening the varieties, which differed up to 3 weeks year-on-year. Ongoing climate change has and is likely to have an impact on cherry production.

Keywords

• stone fruit
• yield
• precipitation
• air temperature
• late spring frost
• correlation