Evaluation of a Diabetes Prevention Program for Rural Citizens

Abstract

Background: Georgia has one of the highest rates of diabetes in the US. Obesity and inactivity contribute to the onset of this disease. Tanner Health System addressed the obesity epidemic in three rural counties of Georgia through a 16-week diabetes prevention program (DPP) for 176 residents. This study evaluated the effectiveness of the DPP. Methods: The multiple methods design of this project used pre- and post-surveys from January/February, 2014, classes to determine diabetes-related lifestyle factors, 11 mid-point telephone interviews, and focus groups with 17 members to identify lifestyle changes that were implemented. Additionally, initial and final measurements of body mass index (BMI), number of sessions attended, and average number of minutes of physical activity (PA) were obtained for 175 participants in classes held in January/February and June/August, 2014. Results:A paired samples t-test showed statistically significant decreases in BMI from initial to final weigh-ins: t(175)=-7.82, p Conclusions: Participation in the DPP reduced risk factors associated with the onset of diabetes through weight loss, healthy eating, and increased exercise. Course content and participation encouraged accountability of participants.

Keywords

• diabetes prevention
• obesity
• rural health