A compact quad-square negative-index metamaterial: Design, simulation, and experimental validation for microwave applications
Muhammad Amir Khalil,
Wong Hin Yong,
Ahasanul Hoque,
Md. Shabiul Islam,
Lo Yew Chiong,
Cham Chin Leei,
Ahmed Alzamil,
Mohammad Tariqul Islam
Affiliations
Muhammad Amir Khalil
Faculty of Engineering, Multimedia University, 63100 Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia
Wong Hin Yong
Faculty of Engineering, Multimedia University, 63100 Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia
Ahasanul Hoque
Institute of Climate Change, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
Md. Shabiul Islam
Faculty of Engineering, Multimedia University, 63100 Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia
Lo Yew Chiong
Faculty of Engineering, Multimedia University, 63100 Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia
Cham Chin Leei
Faculty of Engineering, Multimedia University, 63100 Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia
Ahmed Alzamil
Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81481, Saudi Arabia
Mohammad Tariqul Islam
Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
This research provides a detailed explanation of the design, simulation, and experimental of quad-square metamaterial-based negative-index unit cells for S-band applications. The Computer Simulation Technology 2022 licensee version was utilized to design and obtain numerical results for the unit cell. The proposed unit cell for the metamaterial has dimensions of 5 × 5 × 1.57 mm3. The substrate chosen was FR-4, resulting in a substantial effective medium ratio value of 19.07. A series of systematic parametric studies were conducted to optimize the quad square metamaterial structure. Key parameters, such as substrate types, unit cell arrays, thicknesses of substrate, and split gaps, were varied to determine their impact on the structure. The validated equivalent circuit result was compared to the simulated results, showing a significant agreement. The demonstrated correlation between simulation and experimental data highlights the dependability of the proposed quad-square metamaterial, positioning it as a viable option for a range of electromagnetic applications, such as communication systems, sensors, and imaging devices.
