Results in Optics (Feb 2025)
A Review of Ground State Hanle Effect on Paraffin Coated Alkali Atoms under EIT and EIA
Abstract
Introduction: This review is specifically aimed at providing deeper understanding of the ground state Hanle effect through novel methods of atomic vapor interaction with resonant light. Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT) and absorption (EIA) are the primary phenomena in this context. EIT is a process in which destructive interference at absorption frequencies within a medium is caused by a control laser and makes the medium clear to the probe laser light. It should be noted that this transparency is crucial for turning on/off the light pulses, slowing down or stopping in several cases, thus enhancing the effectiveness of atomic magnetometers. However, constructive interference that occurs in EIA raises the density of the medium, which is advantageous for achieveing precise measurements. Thus, studying Hanle effect contribute in development of commercially valuable applications and the improvement of atomic clocks. Objective: The objective of this study is to review the fundamental principles of the Hanle effect, EIT, EIA, and coating methods for alkali atoms. These principles and techniques are essential for improving the sensitivity and functionality of atomic magnetometers and other quantum devices. By understanding and applying these phenomena, significant progress has been made in the development of high-precision measurement tools and quantum technologies. Results: Advancements in atomic magnetometer sensitivity represent a rapidly growing area of interest that has made the significant progress in the development of quantum devices. This review consolidates the state of art research and development of fundamental principles and practical applications of the Hanle effect, EIT, EIA, and coating methods for alkali atoms. It highlights how advancements in EIT and EIA have contributed to the sensitivity improvements of atomic magnetometers, and show the importance of coating methods for maintaining system integrity and performance. These developments are essential in revolutioning of modern quantum technologies and precision measurement devices.
