<i>Pseudobombax parvifolium</i> Hydroalcoholic Bark Extract: Chemical Characterisation and Cytotoxic, Mutagenic, and Preclinical Aspects Associated with a Protective Effect on Oxidative Stress
Tiago Felipe de Senes-Lopes,
Jefferson Romáryo Duarte da Luz,
Zaira da Rosa Guterres,
Eder A. Barbosa,
Débora Batista,
Ony Araújo Galdino,
Marcela Abbott Galvão Ururahy,
Elizabeth Cristina Gomes dos Santos,
Jorge A. López,
Gabriel Araujo-Silva,
Maria das Graças Almeida
Affiliations
Tiago Felipe de Senes-Lopes
Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59012-570, RN, Brazil
Jefferson Romáryo Duarte da Luz
Multidisciplinary Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59012-570, RN, Brazil
Zaira da Rosa Guterres
Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Mutagenesis, State University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Mundo Novo 79980-000, MS, Brazil
Eder A. Barbosa
Laboratory of Synthesis and Analysis of Biomolecules, Institute of Chemistry, University Campus Darcy Ribeiro, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil
Débora Batista
Multidisciplinary Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59012-570, RN, Brazil
Ony Araújo Galdino
Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59012-570, RN, Brazil
Marcela Abbott Galvão Ururahy
Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59012-570, RN, Brazil
Elizabeth Cristina Gomes dos Santos
Multidisciplinary Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59012-570, RN, Brazil
Jorge A. López
Multidisciplinary Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59012-570, RN, Brazil
Gabriel Araujo-Silva
Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry Laboratory, State University of Amapá, Macapá 68900-070, AP, Brazil
Maria das Graças Almeida
Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59012-570, RN, Brazil
Plants have long been used in traditional medicine to treat illnesses. Nevertheless, their chemical diversity requires studies to establish the extract dosage and its safe use. Pseudobombax parvifolium, an endemic species of the Brazilian Caatinga biome, is commonly used in folk medicine, due to its anti-inflammatory properties related to cellular oxidative stress; however, its biological properties have scarcely been studied. In this study, we chemically characterized the P. parvifolium hydroalcoholic bark extract (EBHE) and evaluated its cytotoxic, mutagenic, and preclinical aspects, as well as its antioxidant effect. Our phytochemical analysis revealed a significative total polyphenol content and identified loliolide for the first time in this species. Cytotoxicity, mutagenicity, and acute oral and repeated dose indicated no toxic effects on cell culture, Drosophila melanogaster, and Wistar rat exposure to different EBHE concentrations, respectively. Furthermore, we observed a significant decrease in lipid peroxidation and a mild hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effect with repeated oral dosing of EBHE. Although there were no significant changes in glutathione content, we did observe a significant increase in superoxide dismutase at a dose of 400 mg/kg and in glutathione peroxidase at doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg. These findings suggest that EBHE has potential as a source of bioactive molecules, and it can be used safely in traditional medicine and in the development of herbal medicines for application in the public health system.
