Psychometric Properties of the Filipino Version of Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS): A Cross-Cultural Validation Study

Abstract

Albeit the importance of patient experience, most questionnaires are only available in English. To understand the hospital experience of Filipino patients, a psychometrically sound instrument in Filipino is warranted. This study culturally adapted and validated the Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS) into Filipino. A 5-step cross-cultural validation process was conducted. Forward translation, back-translation, and panel reconciliation involved 7 language experts. Pretesting included content validation and pretesting of the Filipino HCAHPS, while field testing involved 64 purposively selected hospitalized patients who completed a 4-part survey from July to December 2018. Content, linguistic, and conceptual equivalence and internal consistency were statistically appraised. Content validation yielded a scale content validity index/average of 1.00. Comparative analysis and Bland-Altman plots indicated good linguistic equivalence. All correlation coefficients were ≥.30, denoting good conceptual equivalence. Cronbach’s α for both versions of HCAHPS were ≥0.80, suggestive of good internal consistency. The Filipino HCAHPS is a psychometrically sound and culturally appropriate tool to measure patient experience among Filipinos. This understanding can be utilized for quality improvements on both practice and policy levels.