Drug Design, Development and Therapy (Jul 2020)
A Synthetic Peptide 2Abz23S29 Reduces Bacterial Titer and Induces Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines in a Murine Model of Urinary Tract Infection
Abstract
Neda Moazzezy,1 Mohammad Reza Asadi Karam,1 Sima Rafati,2 Saeid Bouzari,1 Mana Oloomi1 1Molecular Biology Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran; 2Immunotherapy and Leishmania Vaccine Research Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, IranCorrespondence: Saeid Bouzari; Mana Oloomi Email [email protected]; [email protected]: A urinary tract infection (UTI), which is often caused by uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) strains, affects many people worldwide annually. UPEC causes the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines by the bladder epithelial cells; however, it has been proven that the UPEC can inhibit the early activation of the innate immune system.Methods: This study aimed to examine the antibacterial and immunomodulatory effects of different doses of truncated alpha-defensins (human neutrophil peptide (HNP)-1) analog 2Abz23S29 on the mouse UTI model. Experimentally uropathogenic E. coli CFT073-infected mice were treated with low-dose 2Abz23S29 (250μg/mL), high-dose 2Abz23S29 (750μg/mL), ciprofloxacin (cip) (800μg/mL), or high-dose 2Abz23S29plus cip once a day 24 h post-infection. The 2Abz23S29 and cip treatment were given for two consecutive days.Results: The in vivo results showed that fewer UPEC were recovered from the bladders of mice treated transurethrally with 2Abz23S29. Moreover, low-dose 2Abz23S29 significantly decreased the level of the interleukin-6 (IL-6), whereas high-dose 2Abz23S29 increased pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-6, macrophage inflammatory protein/2 (MIP/2), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in infected bladders of mice. Besides, the levels of cytokines IL-6 and MIP/2 in infected mice treated with a combination of high-dose 2Abz23S29 and cip were significantly higher than the untreated mice. In contrast, CFT073-infected mice treated with a combination of high-dose 2Abz23S29 and cip showed no changes in cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β levels, indicating that ciprofloxacin may play an anti-inflammatory role.Conclusion: Collectively, apart from the direct antibacterial role of 2Abz23S29, our data illustrated that 2Abz23S29 modulates pro-inflammatory cytokine production of bladder in a dose-dependent manner, which has implications for the development of new anti-infective agents.Keywords: urinary tract infection, pro-inflammatory cytokines, human neutrophil peptide (HNP)-1
