Green Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles Capped with Procyanidins from <i>Leucosidea sericea</i> as Potential Antidiabetic and Antioxidant Agents
Umar M. Badeggi,
Enas Ismail,
Adewale O. Adeloye,
Subelia Botha,
Jelili A. Badmus,
Jeanine L. Marnewick,
Christopher N. Cupido,
Ahmed A. Hussein
Affiliations
Umar M. Badeggi
Chemistry Department, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Symphony Rd., Bellville 7535, South Africa
Enas Ismail
Chemistry Department, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Symphony Rd., Bellville 7535, South Africa
Adewale O. Adeloye
Chemistry Department, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Symphony Rd., Bellville 7535, South Africa
Subelia Botha
Electron Microscope Unit, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa
Jelili A. Badmus
Oxidative Stress Research Centre, Institute of Biomedical and Microbial Biotechnology, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Symphony Rd., Bellville 7535, South Africa
Jeanine L. Marnewick
Oxidative Stress Research Centre, Institute of Biomedical and Microbial Biotechnology, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Symphony Rd., Bellville 7535, South Africa
Christopher N. Cupido
Department of Botany, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa
Ahmed A. Hussein
Chemistry Department, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Symphony Rd., Bellville 7535, South Africa
In this study, procyanidins fractions of dimers and trimers (F1−F2) from the Leucosidea sericea total extract (LSTE) were investigated for their chemical constituents. The total extract and the procyanidins were employed in the synthesis of gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) and fully characterized. Au NPs of 6, 24 and 21 nm were obtained using LSTE, F1 and F2 respectively. Zeta potential and in vitro stability studies confirmed the stability of the particles. The enzymatic activity of LSTE, F1, F2 and their corresponding Au NPs showed strong inhibitory alpha-amylase activity where F1 Au NPs demonstrated the highest with IC50 of 1.88 µg/mL. On the other hand, F2 Au NPs displayed the strongest alpha-glucosidase activity at 4.5 µg/mL. F2 and F2 Au NPs also demonstrated the highest antioxidant activity, 1834.0 ± 4.7 μM AAE/g and 1521.9 ± 3.0 μM TE/g respectively. The study revealed not only the ability of procyanidins dimers (F1 and F2) in forming biostable and bioactive Au NPs but also, a significant enhancement of the natural products activities, which could improve the smart delivery in future biomedical applications.
