Recent trends in the graphene-based sensors for the detection of hydrogen peroxide

Abstract

This article intends to cover the latest progress and innovations in the field of graphene-based sensors for the detection of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The studies on the electrochemical behavior of a bioactive molecule have become one of the most rapidly developing fields. Biomedical engineering and biotechnology have an enthroned interest in fabricating more precise and accurate voltammetric/amperometric biosensors. One hastily growing area of biosensor design calls for the incorporation of carbon-based nano-materials such as two-dimensional graphene and its derivatives. Herein, a brief overview depicting the voltammetric techniques and how these techniques are useful in biosensing and sensing along with the details of surrounding important concepts such as sensitivity and limits of detection have been discussed in detail. The article discusses the graphene-based research for the effective immobilization of the enzymes such as horseradish peroxidase, hemoglobin, etc. for the accurate detection of H2O2 along with the detailed discussion on various material developed for the fabrication of non-enzymatic H2O2 sensors. The discussion ends with an outlook of future concepts that can be employed in sensor fabrication, as well as restrictions of already proposed materials and how such sensing can be improved. As such, this article can act as a roadmap to direct researchers in the direction of the next generation sensors highlighting the current advancements in the field.

Keywords

• graphene
• composites
• enzymatic sensor
• non-enzymatic sensor
• electrochemical sensor
• amperometry