Tropicultura (Jan 2018)
Dynamique de peuplement et modification paysagère dans le parc national de la Marahoue (Côte d'Ivoire)
Abstract
Dynamics of Settlement and Landscaped Modification in the National Park of Marahoue (Côte d'Ivoire). In Ivory Coast, the population grew from 8.3 inh;/km² in 1950 to 71.4 inh;/km² in 2015. This increase of density of population, especially in forest area, caused land saturation that has oriented the last pioneering fronts of coffee-cocoa to the protected areas, as is the case of the National Park of Marahoué (NPM). In this park, an questionnaire survey and a mapping of the territory with the Global Positioning System were realized in order to count the population, to locate the settlements and to trace tracks. At the same time, a diachronic analysis of the land use inside the NPM was made. The results show that the dynamics of populating in the NPM was characterized since 1955 by a progressive but slow settlement of localities, which abruptly accelerated from 2000 onwards. In 2015, 53651 persons (52,15 inh./km ²) lived in this park, dispatched in 174 localities. Due to this pressure of population on the natural space, the forest disappeared for the benefit of cultures. Their area increased from 82281 hectares in 1974 to 00 hectares in 2015.
