Achieving climate sustainability in the Republic of Congo: The role of economic growth, biomass energy consumption, rule of law and government effectiveness- a NARDL Approach
Railh Gugus Tresor Massonini Ngoma,
Xiangqian Wang,
Xiang Rui Meng,
Cety Gessica Abraham Mahanga Tsoni,
Sumaiya Bashiru Danwana,
Benjamine Tsoni Ndombi
Affiliations
Railh Gugus Tresor Massonini Ngoma
School of Economics and Management, Anhui University of Science and Technology, No. 168 Taifeng Road, Huainan, 232001, China; Corresponding author.
Xiangqian Wang
School of Economics and Management, Anhui University of Science and Technology, No. 168 Taifeng Road, Huainan, 232001, China
Xiang Rui Meng
School of Economics and Management, Anhui University of Science and Technology, No. 168 Taifeng Road, Huainan, 232001, China
Cety Gessica Abraham Mahanga Tsoni
School of Economics and Management, Anhui University of Science and Technology, No. 168 Taifeng Road, Huainan, 232001, China
Sumaiya Bashiru Danwana
School of Economics and Management, Anhui University of Science and Technology, No. 168 Taifeng Road, Huainan, 232001, China
Benjamine Tsoni Ndombi
School of Humanities and Social Science, Anhui University of Science and Technology, No. 168 Taifeng Road, Huainan, 232001, China
This study explores the relationship between economic growth (GDP), biomass energy consumption (BEC), Rule of Law, and Government Effectiveness on climate change (CO2 emissions) in the Republic of Congo from 1990 to 2020. We employed a nonlinear autoregressive distributed Lag (NARDL) model to analyse data from World Bank databases. Higher GDP leads to lower CO2 emissions in the long run. Increased BEC also reduces emissions, but a decrease can have a small negative impact. Interestingly, a stronger Rule of Law and Government Effectiveness is associated with higher CO2 emissions in the short run, potentially due to relaxed environmental regulations. However, a stronger Rule of Law and Government Effectiveness leads to lower emissions in the long run, suggesting a potential shift towards sustainable practices. These findings provide valuable insights for policymakers aiming to achieve economic growth and climate stability in the Republic of Congo.
