Redai dili (Mar 2023)
Spatial Distribution and Characteristics of Population in the Guangdong-Hong Kong- Macao Greater Bay Area Based on Night-Light Remote Sensing
Abstract
The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) is one of the most open regions in China, with the strongest economic vitality and fastest population growth, playing an important role in China's development strategy. Using GBA as the research area, Luojia1-01 radiance images and high-precision land type data from 2022 were merged to obtain the noctilucent index of land fusion. Stepwise regression models based on district-level administrative divisions were constructed and their accuracy was verified. Finally, the 500 m spatial distribution characteristics of the population for the GBA in 2020 were analyzed from multiple perspectives, including population size and density, spatial directivity, spatial agglomeration degree, and dispersion characteristics. The results show the following: 1) the integration of Luojia1-01 radiation brightness value and high-precision land type data guaranteed population spatialization accuracy, while scattered population agglomeration points could be identified by Luojia-01, and details of population distribution in the image saturation zone could be distinguished by land type data; 2) Population quantity and density had a highly synergistic spatial distribution relationship with five population agglomeration areas in the GBA, with sparse population in marginal cities. The population scale decreased outward from the accumulation regions; 3) Population distribution presented significant spatial directivity along the Guangzhou, Dongguan, Shenzhen, and Hong Kong directions, which proved that the economic level is an important factor affecting the spatial distribution of the population. Regional coordinated development in emerging economies was obvious among these cities along the direction, thus attracting population migration and agglomeration; 4) The population agglomeration feature was remarkable in this area, with 68% of the population concentrated within 27.64% of the spatial range. Popular hotspots were located in the regions of Dongguan, Shenzhen, and Hong Kong, with cold spot areas mainly distributed in Zhaoqing and Jiangmen. Population intensity was excessive in Tianhe, Yuexiu, and Haizhu Districts of Guangzhou City, and policy intervention is urgently needed for these districts to mitigate population pressure and improve the living environment, thus promoting regional coordinated development. The results of this study prove that Luojia-01 data are capable of population research at the municipal administrative division level. The revealed spatial distribution characteristics of the population have reference significance for urban policy formulation, planning management, and coordinated development in the Greater Bay Area. There are also some shortcomings in this study, such as the lack of population distribution exploration due to the limitation of satellite acquisition and a decrease in the accuracy of population spatialization results due to spatial-temporal inconsistency in the data. Further studies are needed to improve the accuracy and reveal additional features of the population spatial-temporal distribution in a long-term series.
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