A connective tissue component of a myocardium: a new stage of studying of an old problem.

Abstract

Majority of the myocardial cells belongs to its connective tissue component, which is built up of endomysial, perimysial and epimysial streaks. Cellular population exhibit remarkable polymorphism – among them are different types of fibroblasts, including myofibroblasts and fibroclasts, mast cells, macrophages, lymphoid cells. All of them product biologically active substances and serve as local regulators. Every cardiomyocyte connected merely to one fibroblast by the dense and nexus type of contacts, which allow mechanical and chemical interactions between these cells. Cardiomyocytes and connective tissue cells surrounded by the intercellular matrix, which consists fibrous and amorphous components. Collagen and elastic fibers make a framework for cardiac myocytes, which has a sophisticated spatial arrangement. Amorphous substance is a polyanionic buffer environment that provides trophic and regulatory processes in the myocardium. Intercellular matrix undergo permanent turnover, synthesis of the fiber proteins comes together with its degradation. Hitherto, myocardium is a multicomponent system that has a sophisticated mechanisms of regulation for the quantitative and qualitative composition of its elements.

Keywords

• myocardium
• connective tissue
• intercellular matrix