Combining ability of early-maturing varieties of soft spring wheat by grain weight from the ear

Abstract

With the participation of early-maturing varieties, a topcross scheme of crossings was performed (10×4); maternal varieties: Pamyati Azieva, Altayskaya 92, Obskaya 14, SURENTa-6, Adeline, SURENTa-3, Voronezhskaya 12, Tyumenskaya rannyaya, Tulun 15, Tyumenskaya 27; testers - Iren, Novosibirskaya 15, Latona, Tulunskaya 12. In 2007, the Pamyati Azieva and Iren had a more productive ear – 0.88 g, in the dry year of 2008 - SURENTa-6, Adeline and Tulun 15 (0.80-0.82). The following strongly react to drought: Voronezhskaya 12, Tyumenskaya rannyaya, Iren, Latona, Novosibirskaya 15 (0.49-0.64 g). The Pamyati Azieva and SURENTa-3 are distinguished by increased CCA. Varieties with multidirectional CCA are recommended for synthetic breeding. SCA is distinguished in: Tyumenskaya rannyaya, SURENTa-3, in better conditions – SURENTa-6, Adeline, Iren, Tulunskaya 12, which allows them to be used in recombination breeding. Varieties with low indicators of CCA and SCA - Altayskaya 92, Obskaya 14, Tulun 15, Tyumenskaya 27 and Latona, are ineffective in breeding for productivity. The heterosis effect on the trait was manifested in 15-20% of the combinations, more significant in arid conditions.