UV-Inactivated rVSV-M2e-Based Influenza Vaccine Protected against the H1N1 Influenza Challenge

Titus Abiola Olukitibi; Zhujun Ao; Hiva Azizi; Maggie J Ouyang; Tosin Omole; Lyle McKinnon; Darwyn Kobasa; Kevin Coombs; Gary Kobinger; Xiaojian Yao

doi:10.31083/j.fbl2905195

Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark (May 2024)

UV-Inactivated rVSV-M2e-Based Influenza Vaccine Protected against the H1N1 Influenza Challenge

Titus Abiola Olukitibi,
Zhujun Ao,
Hiva Azizi,
Maggie J Ouyang,
Tosin Omole,
Lyle McKinnon,
Darwyn Kobasa,
Kevin Coombs,
Gary Kobinger,
Xiaojian Yao

Affiliations

Titus Abiola Olukitibi: Laboratory of Molecular Human Retrovirology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
Zhujun Ao: Laboratory of Molecular Human Retrovirology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
Hiva Azizi: Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie de l’Université Laval, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
Maggie J Ouyang: Department of Immunology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
Tosin Omole: Department of Medical Microbiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
Lyle McKinnon: Department of Medical Microbiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
Darwyn Kobasa: Department of Medical Microbiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
Kevin Coombs: Department of Medical Microbiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
Gary Kobinger: Galveston National Laboratory, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
Xiaojian Yao: Laboratory of Molecular Human Retrovirology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada

DOI: https://doi.org/10.31083/j.fbl2905195
Journal volume & issue: Vol. 29, no. 5
p. 195

Abstract

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Background: To investigate the immune responses and protection ability of ultraviolet light (UV)-inactivated recombinant vesicular stomatitis (rVSV)-based vectors that expressed a fusion protein consisting of four copies of the influenza matrix 2 protein ectodomain (tM2e) and the Dendritic Cell (DC)-targeting domain of the Ebola Glycoprotein (EΔM), (rVSV-EΔM-tM2e). Method: In our previous study, we demonstrated the effectiveness of rVSV-EΔM-tM2e to induce robust immune responses against influenza M2e and protect against lethal challenges from H1N1 and H3N2 strains. Here, we used UV to inactivate rVSV-EΔM-tM2e and tested its immunogenicity and protection in BALB/c mice from a mouse-adapted H1N1 influenza challenge. Using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity (ADCC), the influenza anti-M2e immune responses specific to human, avian and swine influenza strains induced were characterized. Likewise, the specificity of the anti-M2e immune responses induced in recognizing M2e antigen on the surface of the cell was investigated using Fluorescence-Activated Cell Sorting (FACS) analysis. Results: Like the live attenuated rVSV-EΔM-tM2e, the UV-inactivated rVSV-EΔM-tM2e was highly immunogenic against different influenza M2e from strains of different hosts, including human, swine, and avian, and protected against influenza H1N1 challenge in mice. The FACS analysis demonstrated that the induced immune responses can recognize influenza M2 antigens from human, swine and avian influenza strains. Moreover, the rVSV-EΔM-tM2e also induced ADCC activity against influenza M2e from different host strains. Conclusions: These findings suggest that UV-inactivated rVSV-EΔM-tM2e could be used as an inactivated vaccine against influenza viruses.

Published in Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark

ISSN: 2768-6701 (Print); 2768-6698 (Online)
Publisher: IMR Press
Country of publisher: Singapore
LCC subjects: Science: Chemistry: Organic chemistry: Biochemistry; Science: Biology (General)
Website: https://www.imrpress.com/journal/FBL

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