PLoS ONE (Jan 2017)

Obesogenic diet-induced gut barrier dysfunction and pathobiont expansion aggravate experimental colitis.

  • June-Chul Lee,
  • Hae-Youn Lee,
  • Tae Kang Kim,
  • Min-Soo Kim,
  • Young Mi Park,
  • Jinyoung Kim,
  • Kihyoun Park,
  • Mi-Na Kweon,
  • Seok-Hyung Kim,
  • Jin-Woo Bae,
  • Kyu Yeon Hur,
  • Myung-Shik Lee

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0187515
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 12, no. 11
p. e0187515

Abstract

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Consumption of a typical Western diet is a risk factor for several disorders. Metabolic syndrome is the most common disease associated with intake of excess fat. However, the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease is also greater in subjects consuming a Western diet, although the mechanism of this phenomenon is not clearly understood. We examined the morphological and functional changes of the intestine, the first site contacting dietary fat, in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) inducing obesity. Paneth cell area and production of antimicrobial peptides by Paneth cells were decreased in HFD-fed mice. Goblet cell number and secretion of mucin by goblet cells were also decreased, while intestinal permeability was increased in HFD-fed mice. HFD-fed mice were more susceptible to experimental colitis, and exhibited severe colonic inflammation, accompanied by the expansion of selected pathobionts such as Atopobium sp. and Proteobacteria. Fecal microbiota transplantation transferred the susceptibility to DSS-colitis, and antibiotic treatment abrogated colitis progression. These data suggest that an experimental HFD-induced Paneth cell dysfunction and subsequent intestinal dysbiosis characterized by pathobiont expansion can be predisposing factors to the development of inflammatory bowel disease.