Demographic characteristics and histopathology of eyelid masses: A 6-year retrospective study

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the demographics and histopathological features of eyelid masses in a tertiary eye hospital over a 6-year period. Materials and Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted for patients admitted with eyelid tumors from November 2017 to December 2023. Data on demographic features, tumor location, types of treatment, and pathologic findings were collected and analyzed. Results: Among 393 patients evaluated, 292 (74.3%) had benign neoplasms, whereas 83 (21.1%) had malignant tumors. Eighteen (4.6%) cases also have premalignant lesions. The mean age of patients with benign tumors was 31.4 ± 27.7 years, whereas with malignant tumors, the mean age was 67.7 ± 21.8 years. Common benign tumors included chalazion (19.5%), followed by sebaceous cysts (17.8%). The predominant malignant tumors were basal cell carcinoma (BCC) (34.9%), followed by squamous cell carcinoma (24.1%) with the lower lid being the most common site of malignancy (41.0%). BCC recurred in 44.8% cases, predominantly in the lower lid. Conclusion: Sebaceous cysts, chalazion, and papilloma are the most prevalent benign eyelid lesions, whereas BCC is the most common malignant lesion. BCC shows a propensity for recurrence, particularly in the lower lid.

Keywords

• basal cell carcinoma
• eyelid tumors
• histopathology
• nevus
• papilloma
• sebaceous cyst
• squamous cell carcinoma