Incidence of the allergic acute coronary syndrome at the Hospital Mártires del 9 de Abril of Sagua La Grande in 2015

Abstract

Introduction: The allergic angina, also known as Kounis syndrome, is a rarely diagnosed disease, although its accurate identification improves the prognosis of patients who suffer from it. Objective: To characterize the profile of the disease in the environment of a municipal hospital. Method: A descriptive and longitudinal study was conducted with 166 patients discharged with a diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome, at the Hospital Mártires del 9 de Abril of Sagua la Grande, Villa Clara, Cuba, between January 1st and December 31st of 2015. The variables evaluated were: age, sex, form of presentation, causes, complications, evolution and mortality of these patients. Results: The 42.8% of patients had acute myocardial infarction and the remaining 57.2%, unstable angina. The male sex (54.2%) predominated and only 2 of a total of 166 patients (1.2%) were diagnosed with Kounis syndrome, both with unstable angina. These 2 patients experienced elevated eosinophils and immunoglobulin E, no complications, the regional motility disorders of the left ventricular returned before a month and no coronary lesions were found. Conclusions: The Kounis syndrome, despite its low prevalence (1.2% in this research), is a condition that requires an accurate diagnosis and a specific treatment to improve the prognosis of these patients.