Frontiers in Endocrinology (Aug 2017)
Enhanced Mortality to Metastatic Bladder Cancer Cell Line MB49 in Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide Gene Knockout Mice
- Niely Mirsaidi,
- Niely Mirsaidi,
- Matthew P. Burns,
- Matthew P. Burns,
- Steve A. McClain,
- Edward Forsyth,
- Jonathan Li,
- Jonathan Li,
- Brittany Dukes,
- Brittany Dukes,
- David Lin,
- David Lin,
- Roxanna Nahvi,
- Roxanna Nahvi,
- Jheison Giraldo,
- Jheison Giraldo,
- Megan Patton,
- Ping Wang,
- Ke Lin,
- Edmund Miller,
- Edmund Miller,
- Edmund Miller,
- Timothy Ratliff,
- Timothy Ratliff,
- Sayyed Hamidi,
- Scott Crist,
- Scott Crist,
- Ken-Ichi Takemaru,
- Anthony Szema,
- Anthony Szema,
- Anthony Szema,
- Anthony Szema,
- Anthony Szema,
- Anthony Szema
Affiliations
- Niely Mirsaidi
- Department of Technology and Society, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
- Niely Mirsaidi
- Three Village Allergy & Asthma, PLLC, South Setauket, NY, United States
- Matthew P. Burns
- Department of Technology and Society, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
- Matthew P. Burns
- Three Village Allergy & Asthma, PLLC, South Setauket, NY, United States
- Steve A. McClain
- McClain Laboratories, LLC, Smithtown, NY, United States
- Edward Forsyth
- Department of Urology, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, United States
- Jonathan Li
- Department of Technology and Society, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
- Jonathan Li
- Three Village Allergy & Asthma, PLLC, South Setauket, NY, United States
- Brittany Dukes
- Department of Technology and Society, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
- Brittany Dukes
- Three Village Allergy & Asthma, PLLC, South Setauket, NY, United States
- David Lin
- Department of Technology and Society, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
- David Lin
- Three Village Allergy & Asthma, PLLC, South Setauket, NY, United States
- Roxanna Nahvi
- Department of Technology and Society, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
- Roxanna Nahvi
- Three Village Allergy & Asthma, PLLC, South Setauket, NY, United States
- Jheison Giraldo
- Department of Technology and Society, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
- Jheison Giraldo
- Three Village Allergy & Asthma, PLLC, South Setauket, NY, United States
- Megan Patton
- Three Village Allergy & Asthma, PLLC, South Setauket, NY, United States
- Ping Wang
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Center for Heart and Lung Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
- Ke Lin
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Center for Heart and Lung Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
- Edmund Miller
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Center for Heart and Lung Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
- Edmund Miller
- The Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, Manhasset, NY, United States
- Edmund Miller
- Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine, Hempstead, NY, United States
- Timothy Ratliff
- Purdue University, Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, United States
- Timothy Ratliff
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
- Sayyed Hamidi
- 0James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States
- Scott Crist
- Purdue University, Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, United States
- Scott Crist
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
- Ken-Ichi Takemaru
- 1Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, United States
- Anthony Szema
- Department of Technology and Society, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
- Anthony Szema
- Three Village Allergy & Asthma, PLLC, South Setauket, NY, United States
- Anthony Szema
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Center for Heart and Lung Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
- Anthony Szema
- 2Department of Occupational Medicine, Epidemiology, and Prevention, Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine, Hempstead, NY, United States
- Anthony Szema
- 3Northwell Health, Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Manhasset, NY, United States
- Anthony Szema
- 4Northwell Health, Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Manhasset, NY, United States
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2017.00162
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 8
Abstract
To identify if the absence of the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) gene enhances susceptibility to death from metastatic bladder cancer, two strains of mice were injected with MB49 murine bladder cancer cells. The growth and spread of the cancer was measured over a period of 4 weeks in C57BL/6 mice and 5 weeks in VIP knockout (KO) mice. A Kaplan–Meier plot was constructed to compare control C57BL/6 mice and C57BL/6 mice with MB49 vs. VIP KO controls and VIP KO mice with MB49. The wild-type (WT) strain (C57BL/6) contained the VIP gene, while the other strain, VIP knockout backcrossed to C57BL/6 (VIP KO) did not and was thus unable to endogenously produce VIP. VIP KO mice had increased mortality compared to C57BL/6 mice at 4 weeks. The number of ulcers between both groups was not statistically significant. In vitro studies indicated that the presence VIP in high doses reduced MB49 cell growth, as well as macrophage inhibitory factor (MIF), a growth factor in bladder cancer cells. These findings support the concept that VIP may attenuate susceptibility to death from bladder cancer, and that it exerts its effect via downregulation of MIF.
Keywords
- vasoactive intestinal peptide gene knockout mice
- MB49 murine bladder cancer
- mortality
- metastases
- vasoactive intestinal peptide
