Chemical composition and antimicrobial study of Crossobamon orientalis body oil
Shakeel Ahmad,
Kashif Ali,
Khalil Ahmad,
Tahira Ruby,
Hammad Majeed,
Muhammad Qamar Saeed,
Mudassar Fareed Awan,
Irfan Ahmad,
Muhammad Farooq,
Mirza Imran Shahzad,
Saad Alamri,
Aleem Ahmed Khan
Affiliations
Shakeel Ahmad
Institute of Zoology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan; Corresponding author.
Kashif Ali
Division of Science and Technology, Department of Zoology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
Khalil Ahmad
Department of Chemistry, Emerson University Multan (EUM), 60000, Pakistan
Tahira Ruby
Institute of Zoology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan
Hammad Majeed
Institute of Zoology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan; Division of Science and Technology, Department of Zoology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan; Department of Chemistry, Emerson University Multan (EUM), 60000, Pakistan; Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan; Department of Biotechnology, Knowledge Unit of Science, University of Management and Technology, Sialkot, Pakistan; Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia; Department of Zoology, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan; Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan; Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia; Depatment of Chemistry, University of Management and Technology (UMT), Sialkot Campus, 51310, Pakistan
Muhammad Qamar Saeed
Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan
Mudassar Fareed Awan
Department of Biotechnology, Knowledge Unit of Science, University of Management and Technology, Sialkot, Pakistan
Irfan Ahmad
Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
Muhammad Farooq
Department of Zoology, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
Mirza Imran Shahzad
Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
Saad Alamri
Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
Aleem Ahmed Khan
Institute of Zoology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan
Geckos and their products have been used in Asian traditional medicine. Medicinal properties of desert-dwelling Gecko species, Crossobamon orientalis remain unexplored. In this study, natural bioactive macromolecules present in oil extracted from C. orientalis (COO) and their biological activities were evaluated. Chemical constitution of COO was explored by using gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Antioxidant, antiviral, and antibacterial activities of COO extracts were assessed using various assays, including DPPH free-radical-protocol, HET-CAM method, in ovo-antiviral technique, and disc-diffusion method. GC-MS study reported 40 different compounds in COO. n-hexane and methanol extracts of COO demonstrated highest DPPH radical inhibition, with values of 70 and 63.3%, respectively. Extracts of COO in solvents, namely 1-butanol, methanol, diethyl ether, and n-hexane significantly inhibited the proliferation of four pathogenic viruses. Maximum zone of inhibition was observed for Escherichia coli (13.65 ± 0.57 mm). These findings suggest that COO possesses potent antioxidant and antimicrobial properties against viral and bacterial strains, thanks to its biologically active components having no side effects. Further studies are essential to isolate and identify individual bioactive compounds present in COO and to investigate their potential as therapeutic agents.
