Cell-Based Therapy and Genome Editing as Emerging Therapeutic Approaches to Treat Rheumatoid Arthritis
Vitaly Chasov,
Irina Ganeeva,
Ekaterina Zmievskaya,
Damir Davletshin,
Elvina Gilyazova,
Aygul Valiullina,
Emil Bulatov
Affiliations
Vitaly Chasov
Laboratory of Biomedical Technologies, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya Street, Kazan 420008, Russia
Irina Ganeeva
Laboratory of Biomedical Technologies, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya Street, Kazan 420008, Russia
Ekaterina Zmievskaya
Laboratory of Biomedical Technologies, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya Street, Kazan 420008, Russia
Damir Davletshin
Laboratory of Biomedical Technologies, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya Street, Kazan 420008, Russia
Elvina Gilyazova
Laboratory of Biomedical Technologies, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya Street, Kazan 420008, Russia
Aygul Valiullina
Laboratory of Biomedical Technologies, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya Street, Kazan 420008, Russia
Emil Bulatov
Laboratory of Biomedical Technologies, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya Street, Kazan 420008, Russia
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the joints. Although much remains unknown about the pathogenesis of RA, there is evidence that impaired immune tolerance and the development of RA are related. And it is precisely the restoration of immune tolerance at the site of the inflammation that is the ultimate goal of the treatment of RA. Over the past few decades, significant progress has been made in the treatment of RA, with higher rates of disease remission and improved long-term outcomes. Unfortunately, despite these successes, the proportion of patients with persistent, difficult-to-treat disease remains high, and the task of improving our understanding of the basic mechanisms of disease development and developing new ways to treat RA remains relevant. This review focuses on describing new treatments for RA, including cell therapies and gene editing technologies that have shown potential in preclinical and early clinical trials. In addition, we discuss the opportunities and limitations associated with the use of these new approaches in the treatment of RA.
