Congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Role of dentist in early diagnosis
Di Cosola Michele,
Spirito Francesca,
Zhurakivska Khrystyna,
Nocini Riccardo,
Lovero Roberto,
Sembronio Salvatore,
Santacroce Luigi,
Brauner Edoardo,
Storto Giovanni,
Lo Muzio Lorenzo,
Cazzolla Angela Pia
Affiliations
Di Cosola Michele
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
Spirito Francesca
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
Zhurakivska Khrystyna
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
Nocini Riccardo
ENT Department, University of Verona, 37100, Verona, Italy
Lovero Roberto
Clinical Pathology Unit, AOU Policlinico Consorziale di Bari - Ospedale Giovanni XXIII, 70124, Bari, Italy
Sembronio Salvatore
Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Udine, Academic Hospital “Santa Maria della Misericordia,”, 33100, Udine, Italy
Santacroce Luigi
Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Microbiology and Virology Laboratory, University Hospital of Bari, Università degli Studi di Bari, 70124, Bari, Italy
Brauner Edoardo
Department of Dental and Maxillary Facial Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
Storto Giovanni
Nuclear Medicine Unit, IRCCS Regional Cancer Hospital CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, 85028, Potenza, Italy
Lo Muzio Lorenzo
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
Cazzolla Angela Pia
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a genetic disorder characterized by an impairment of steroid synthesis due to an altered production of 21-hydroxylase enzyme. Corticoid hormones are involved in the development and functioning of many organs. The aim of the present study was to review the international literature to collect data regarding oral manifestations of CAH. A review of the literature describing oral features of patients affected by CAH was performed using electronic databases (PubMed and Scopus). The data about number of patients, form of CAH, and oral findings were extracted and analyzed. Seven studies were included in the final analysis. The principal findings reported regarded an advanced dental development observed in patients with CAH. One paper reported amelogenesis imperfecta and periodontal issues. The dentist could be the first specialist involved in the CAH syndrome diagnosis, identifying the characteristic features described above, especially for the classical simple virilizing and non-classical form.
