Ecological and hydrochemical analysis of the rivers Drevlianskyi nature reserve (Ukraine)
Abstract
Problem statement. The quality of the surface water and ecological condition plays a big role in ecosystems, especially in the hydrochemical regime. The chemical composition and mineralization of river water are in a dynamic link and are formed under the influence of many external factors. Therefore, under the influence of the latter, there was a need to study the hydrochemical composition of the water reserve, which was an urgent issue of the work. The purpose of the research: comprehensive ecological, hydro-chemical analysis of the state of the rivers of the «Drevlyanskyi» nature reserve for the optimization of environmental protection measures, monitoring, eco-safety and preservation of the biodiversity of hydrobionts. Research methodology. Conducting research on water quality was based on classical, generally accepted methods: field research, literature review, laboratory research, analysis of the obtained results. Results. According to research, it was established that within the nature reserve in the summer-autumn period, the water of the main Uzh River and its tributary is moderately fresh in terms of mineralization (0.1–0.6 g/dm3), neutral in pH, and has a hydrocarbon-calcium chemical composition. Insignificant waterlogging of landscapes determines the low content of ammonium nitrogen and dissolved iron in river water. The Zvizdal and Osliv rivers are exception where eutrophication is observed which cauces high runoff of organic substances. It was also investigated that During the summer-autumn period of low water the water contained small amounts of microelements and heavy metals (with the exception of Fe, Mn) which don’t exceed the established sanitary-hygienic maximum allowable concentrations. According to the classification proposed by O.O. Alekin all-natural waters are divided into three classes. According to the content of the main ions and the mineralization of the water, it was analyzed that the water bodies of the nature reserve belong to the calcium hydrogen-carbonate, class of type III. In the water bodies of the nature reserve Drevlianskyi there are water subtypes IIIa-IIIb. The last differ from each other by the presence of magnesium hydrogen carbonate Mg(HCO3)2 in IIIa and calcium sulfate CaSO4 in IIIb. Scientific novelty. For the first time, a comprehensive analysis of surface waters in radiation-contaminated territories was carried out under the conditions of complete bequest. Practical significance and research perspectives. The practical value of the research materials lies in the further monitoring of hydroecosystems, the substantiation of environmental protection measures, and the results will be used in the annual "Chronicle of the Nature" program of the reserve for the Ministry of Environmental Protection and Natural Resources of Ukraine.
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