Frontiers in Endocrinology (Feb 2023)

Trends of national and sub-national burden attributed to kidney dysfunction risk factor in Iran: 1990-2019

  • Seyed Aria Nejadghaderi,
  • Seyed Aria Nejadghaderi,
  • Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam,
  • Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam,
  • Mohammad Keykhaei,
  • Parnian Shobeiri,
  • Parnian Shobeiri,
  • Negar Rezaei,
  • Negar Rezaei,
  • Nazila Rezaei,
  • GBD 2019 Iran Kidney Dysfunction Collaborators,
  • Mohsen Naghavi,
  • Mohsen Naghavi,
  • Bagher Larijani,
  • Farshad Farzadfar,
  • Farshad Farzadfar,
  • Seyed Aria Nejadghader,
  • Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam,
  • Mohammad Keykhaei,
  • Parnian Shobeiri,
  • Negar Rezaei,
  • Nazila Rezaei,
  • Ashkan Abdollahi,
  • Ali Ahmadi,
  • Sepideh Ahmadi,
  • Sudabeh Alatab,
  • Jalal Arabloo,
  • Mohammad Arjomandzadegan,
  • Seyyed Shamsadin Athari,
  • Sina Azadnajafabad,
  • Mohammadreza Azangou-Khyavy,
  • Nayereh Baghcheghi,
  • Sara Bagherieh,
  • Shirin Barati,
  • Azizallah Dehghan,
  • Ali Fatehizadeh,
  • Fataneh Ghadirian,
  • Maryam Gholamalizadeh,
  • Ali Gholami,
  • Kimiya Gohari,
  • Hadi Hassankhani,
  • Mohammad Jokar,
  • Fatemeh khorashadizadeh,
  • Farzad Kompani,
  • Hamid Reza Koohestani,
  • Soleiman Mahjoub,
  • Ata Mahmoodpoor,
  • Elaheh Malakan Rad,
  • Mohammadreza Mobayen,
  • Esmaeil Mohammadi,
  • Yousef Moradi,
  • Negar Morovatdar,
  • Maryam Noori,
  • Hassan Okati-Aliabad,
  • Ghazaleh Pourali,
  • Quinn Rafferty,
  • Sina Rashedi,
  • Mahsa Rashidi,
  • Mohammad-Mahdi Rashidi,
  • Amirhossein Sahebkar,
  • Seyed Afshin Shorofi,
  • Seyyed Mohammad Tabatabaei,
  • Majid Taheri,
  • Amir Taherkhani,
  • Mazyar Zahir,
  • Moein Zangiabadian,
  • Iman Zare,
  • Mohsen Naghavi,
  • Bagher Larijani,
  • Farshad Farzadfar

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2023.1115833
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 14

Abstract

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BackgroundKidney dysfunction is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease. Herein, we aimed to describe the attributable burden of kidney dysfunction at the national and sub-national levels in Iran.MethodsThe Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 data were extracted on the deaths, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), years of life lost, and years lived with disability attributed to the risk factor of kidney dysfunction by age and sex at the national and provincial levels from 1990-2019. Also, risk exposure was reported by summary exposure value (SEV) with a range of 0 to 100. The estimated values were based on a comparative risk assessment framework.ResultsIn 2019, the age-standardized death rate and age-standardized DALYs rate attributable to kidney dysfunction were 58.2 (95% uncertainty interval of 48.8-68.1) and 1127.2 (981.1-1282.7) per 100,000 population in Iran, respectively. Also, the Sistan and Baluchistan province (1729.3 [1478.3-2006.4]) and the province of Tehran (681.9 [571.4-809.8]) had the greatest and lowest age-standardized DALYs rates, respectively. Nationally, SEVs increased from 22.8 to 26.2. The age-standardized burden attributable to kidney dysfunction had a positive association with age advancement. The attributable age-standardized deaths and DALYs rates in all socio-demographic index regions decreased from 1990-2019. Also, the highest and lowest attributable age-standardized DALYs rates of kidney dysfunction came from ischemic heart disease and peripheral artery disease in 2019, respectively.ConclusionAlthough the attributed age-standardized DALYs and death rates decreased from 1990-2019, risk exposure increased and remains a crucial risk factor in Iran. Therefore, policymakers should consider preparing a preventive program that takes into account different levels of prevention of kidney dysfunction.

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