Athlete Sleep Behavior Questionnaire in Japanese (ASBQ-J): An Adaptation and Validation Study

Abstract

Yuka Tsukahara,1 Satoshi Kodama,2 Saaya Kikuchi,1 Carly Day3,4 1Department of Sports Medicine, Tokyo Women’s College of Physical Education, Kuitachi, Tokyo, Japan; 2Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan; 3Department of Health and Kinesiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA; 4Franciscan Physician Network, West Lafayette, IN, USACorrespondence: Yuka Tsukahara, Department of Sports Medicine, Tokyo Women’s College of Physical Education, 4-30-1 Fujimidai Kunitachi, Tokyo, 1868668, Japan, Tel [phone], Fax [phone], Email [email protected]: The Athlete Sleep Behavior Questionnaire (ASBQ) is an 18-item self-reported questionnaire that can be used to screen for sleep disorders in athletes and assess environmental, behavioral, and sports-related factors along with sleep disorders. This study aimed to analyze the reliability and validity of the ASBQ translated into Japanese (ASBQ-J).Patients and Methods: 111 female collegiate athletes completed both the initial test and retest. Independent variables were what kind of sports they perform, level as an athlete, grade (freshman, sophomore, junior, senior), and age. The reliability of the survey was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha and intraclass correlation, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient was calculated to determine the correlation between the total ASBQ scores and three components which were routine/environmental, behavioral, and sports factors.Results: A total of 37.8% of athletes had ASBQ scores equal or less than 36 indicating good sleep. However, 19.8% of athletes scored more than 42, indicating poor sleep. Cronbach alpha was 0.62 and 0.65 for test and retest, respectively. Intraclass correlation was 0.78 (P < 0.01), indicating sufficient internal consistency and test–retest validity. Mean ASBQ scores were 38.5 ± 5.0 and 37.0 ± 6.5 for test and retest, respectively, and it was not significantly different between the two groups (P = 0.37). The correlation coefficients between the ASBQ-J and component scores were all statistically significant (all P < 0.01).Conclusion: ASBQ-J is a reliable questionnaire for assessing sleep disorders in athletes whose primary language is Japanese.Keywords: collegiate athlete, female athlete, performance level, survey

Keywords

• collegiate athlete
• female athlete
• performance level
• survey