Transformation of the Reproductive Model of the Tuvan Family: Historical Retrospective and Current Trends

Abstract

The article analyzes the transformation of the reproductive model of Tuvan families in historical retrospect and in the context of modern world and Russian trends through the study of factors that influenced the birth rate, child survival, as well as the population growth of Tuva in the XX–XXI centuries, including through the theory of the second demographic transition. The author has focused on the role of intraregional migration flows “village-city” and the process of urbanization in the transformation of the reproductive model of families, changes in family size and childhood. There is also an review of the possible impact of abortions and new reproductive technologies on the demographic profile of Tuvan families. The research attention is also has been paid to the change in the general marriage coefficients in Tuva in comparison with the all-Russian value of the indicator and the indicators of individual regions. The author has made an attempt to explain the specifics of the formation of the indicator of illegitimate births and unregistered marriages, as well as the dynamics of the divorce rate in a comparative context with other Russian regions. The article shows the place of family and children in the hierarchy of life values of modern Tuvan families, presents the results of a study of reproductive strategies of modern Tuvan families based on a quantitative sociological survey. The relevance of such a study is due not only to the need to predict demographic processes, the development of human potential of the border subject of the Russian Federation as the Republic of Tuva, but also to understand the historical context that largely determined the population growth of Tuva. The novelty of the proposed article is that for the first time an attempt has been made to systematically analyze and comprehend the transformation of the reproductive model of the Tuvan family in historical retrospect and in the context of modern world and Russian trends on the basis of an interdisciplinary approach.

Keywords

• tuvan family
• birth rate
• mortality
• marriage
• reproductive model
• reproductive strategies
• family as a value
• demographic profile of tuva