Virus de papiloma humano y lesión intraepitelial cervical en adolescentes embarazadas

Abstract

Aim: To compare the presence of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) and Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion (SIL) in pregnant and non-pregnant adolescents treated at the “Maternidad Dr. Armando Castillo Plaza” in Maracaibo, Venezuela. Patients and Methods: A comparative research with non-experimental transectional and field design was performed; where 46 pregnant adolescents (cases) and 46 non-pregnant adolescents (controls) was included, chosen by random probability sampling, who underwent identification of factors associated with the pathology, evaluation by pap-smear and HPV genotyping by chain reaction of polymerase (PCR). Results: It was found that 32.6% of pregnant women had low grade SIL ( HPV or CIN 1) compared to 21.7% in non-pregnant women, with a risk twice higher (OR [95% CI] = 2.44 [1.05 -5.65]). The molecular diagnosis was positive in half of the total sample, being higher in pregnant women (52.1 vs. 47.9p <0.05); infections with high-risk genotypes predominated 47.8 vs 30.5; p <0.05). HPV 16 was the most prevalent among pregnant women (21.7%) and co-infection by low-risk genotypes (6-11) in non-pregnant women (17.4%). Conclusions: adolescent pregnant women have a higher prevalence of LIE and genital HPV infection, associated with a significant risk of twice the probability of presenting an LIE compared to non-pregnant adolescents.

Keywords

• adolescents
• pregnancy
• genotyping
• squamous intraepithelial lesion
• human papillomavirus