Biomarkers for the severity of periodontal disease in patients with obstructive sleep apnea:IL-1 β, IL-6, IL-17A, and IL-33
Mayra A. Téllez Corral,
Eddy Herrera Daza,
Natalia Arango Jimenez,
Darena Z. Morales Vera,
Juliana Velosa Porras,
Catalina Latorre Uriza,
Francina M. Escobar Arregoces,
Patricia Hidalgo Martinez,
María E. Cortés,
Liliana Otero,
Claudia M. Parra Giraldo,
Nelly S. Roa Molina
Affiliations
Mayra A. Téllez Corral
Centro de Investigaciones Odontológicas, Faculty of Dentistry, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia; Faculty of Dentistry and Innovation Technology Graduate Program, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Human Proteomics and Mycoses Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia; Corresponding author. Centro de Investigaciones Odontológicas, Faculty of Dentistry, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia.
Eddy Herrera Daza
Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia
Natalia Arango Jimenez
Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia
Darena Z. Morales Vera
Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia
Juliana Velosa Porras
Centro de Investigaciones Odontológicas, Faculty of Dentistry, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia
Catalina Latorre Uriza
Centro de Investigaciones Odontológicas, Faculty of Dentistry, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia; Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia
Francina M. Escobar Arregoces
Centro de Investigaciones Odontológicas, Faculty of Dentistry, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia; Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia
Patricia Hidalgo Martinez
Sleep Clinic, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio and Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia
María E. Cortés
Faculty of Dentistry and Innovation Technology Graduate Program, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Liliana Otero
Centro de Investigaciones Odontológicas, Faculty of Dentistry, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia
Claudia M. Parra Giraldo
Human Proteomics and Mycoses Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia
Nelly S. Roa Molina
Centro de Investigaciones Odontológicas, Faculty of Dentistry, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia; Corresponding author.
Objective: This study aims to compare the salivary and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) concentrations of five cytokines: IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17A, IL-33, and Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α) in patients with OSA and their association with periodontitis. Methods: Samples of saliva and GCF were obtained from 84 patients classified into four groups according to periodontal and OSA diagnosis: G1(H) healthy patients, G2(P) periodontitis and non-OSA patients, G3(OSA) OSA and non-periodontitis patients, and G4(P-OSA) periodontitis and OSA patients. The cytokines in the samples were quantified using multiplexed bead immunoassays. Data were analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis test, Dunn's multiple comparisons test, and the Spearman correlation test. Results: Stage III periodontitis was the highest in patients with severe OSA (69%; p=0.0142). Similar levels of IL-1β and IL-6 in saliva were noted in G2(P) and G4(P-OSA). The IL-6, IL-17A and IL-33 levels were higher in the GCF of G4(P-OSA). There was a significant positive correlation between IL-33 in saliva and stage IV periodontitis in G4(P-OSA) (rs = 0.531). The cytokine profile of the patients in G4(P-OSA) with Candida spp. had an increase of the cytokine's levels compared to patients who did not have the yeast. Conclusions: OSA may increase the risk of developing periodontitis due to increase of IL-1β and IL-6 in saliva and IL-6, IL-17A and IL-33 in GCF that share the activation of the osteoclastogenesis. Those cytokines may be considered as biomarkers of OSA and periodontitis.
