Recurrence Quantification Analysis as a Form of Postural Control Assessment: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Human postural control is commonly assessed by center of pressure (CoP) displacement analysis. However, traditional linear parameters do not provide a complete picture of postural control, so a number of nonlinear analyses have been introduced. One of these is recurrence quantification analysis (RQA), which is used to determine the number and duration of repeated states in a dynamic system. This review aimed to show how the RQA measures look in different groups of subjects when assessing postural stability during quiet standing and how the authors interpret them. Therefore, a systematic review was conducted of papers published from 2000 to February 2023. Searched databases were PubMed, ScienceDirect, and EBSCO. Twenty-eight publications were included in this review. The RQA parameters most commonly found in papers are %DET (determinism), ENT (Shannon entropy), %REC (recurrence), and %LAM (laminarity). %LAM is the most sensitive factor in determining differences in CoP position between different age groups, as it describes motion fluidity. The vision affects the deterministic structure of CoP motions. When the sensory organization test conditions became difficult, CoP variability increased, while the %DET decreased. It was concluded that traditional and nonlinear methods provide complementary and not redundant information for assessing age- and health-related changes in standing balance.

Keywords

• postural control
• nonlinear measures
• recurrence quantification analysis
• RQA
• upright standing