Поиски причин вынужденного парафразирующего перевода с русского на немецкий язык (на примере начинательной приставки „за-”)

Abstract

Based on a modified concept of the “Meaning ↔ Text” – model (see Mel'čuk, Apresjan et al.), the author tries to plead for a linguistic foundation to translation theory. In most cases translation can be thought of as an unsuccessful effort of structure-saving substitution and a following successful effort of structure-changing paraphrasing – already in the realm of the mother-language. For illustration the author uses Russian-German material, presented in an article by M.V.Raevskij: Russian verbs with the prefix “za-”, expressing the meaning of beginning, and various types of German translation. In order to determine the position of the units in the interlingual Deep Syntactic Structure, especially in the interlying combinatory dictionary, a formal description of the Russian-German inventory is given. Finally the probable reasons for the given cases of paraphrasing translation are looked for – beginning with the local and immediate reasons.