Scientific Reports (Aug 2021)

Immunogenomic pan-cancer landscape reveals immune escape mechanisms and immunoediting histories

  • Shinichi Mizuno,
  • Rui Yamaguchi,
  • Takanori Hasegawa,
  • Shuto Hayashi,
  • Masashi Fujita,
  • Fan Zhang,
  • Youngil Koh,
  • Su-Yeon Lee,
  • Sung-Soo Yoon,
  • Eigo Shimizu,
  • Mitsuhiro Komura,
  • Akihiro Fujimoto,
  • Momoko Nagai,
  • Mamoru Kato,
  • Han Liang,
  • Satoru Miyano,
  • Zemin Zhang,
  • Hidewaki Nakagawa,
  • Seiya Imoto

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-95287-x
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 11, no. 1
pp. 1 – 13

Abstract

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Abstract Immune reactions in the tumor microenvironment are an important hallmark of cancer, and emerging immune therapies have been proven effective against several types of cancers. To investigate cancer genome-immune interactions and the role of immunoediting or immune escape mechanisms in cancer development, we analyzed 2834 whole genome and RNA sequencing datasets across 31 distinct tumor types with respect to key immunogenomic aspects and provided comprehensive immunogenomic profiles of pan-cancers. We found that selective copy number changes in immune-related genes may contribute to immune escape. Furthermore, we developed an index of the immunoediting history of each tumor sample based on the information of mutations in exonic regions and pseudogenes and evaluated the immunoediting history of each tumor. Our immuno-genomic analyses of pan-cancers have the potential to identify a subset of tumors with immunogenicity and diverse backgrounds or intrinsic pathways associated with their immune status and immunoediting history.