Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity (Oct 2019)
Exosomes from β-cells alleviated hyperglycemia and enhanced angiogenesis in islets of streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice
Abstract
Yun Sun, Qianyun Mao, Chao Shen, Chen Wang, Weiping Jia Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai 200233, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Chen WangShanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 212 405 8657Fax +86 216 436 8031Email [email protected]: Exosomes are small nanoscale vesicles secreted from cells. Exosome-based therapeutic approaches have been evaluated in treating ischemic diseases. In the present study, we explored the effect of exosomes on streptozotozin (STZ)-induced diabetic mouse and its underlying mechanisms.Methods: Exosomes were isolated from MIN6 cells. Transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering and Western blot were used to identify the exosomes. STZ was used to establish diabetic or abnormal glucose tolerance mouse model. Histology study and flow cytometry were applied to detect the changes in immune responses.Results: Transplantation of the exosomes into diabetic mice resulted in a longer median survival time compared with the untreated diabetic mice (P<0.01). Transplantation of the exosomes improved glucose tolerance, increased insulin content and preserved the architectures of islets in mice with abnormal glucose tolerance. Moreover, exosome treatment enhanced the expression of CD31, a marker of endothelial cells, and tended to reduce macrophage infiltration in islets of STZ-treated mice.Conclusion: Exosomes derived from β-cells play a role in preserving pancreatic islet architecture and its function, and in inducing islet angiogenesis, which implicates that exosome treatment could be a novel therapeutic strategy for diabetes.Keywords: exosomes, diabetes, vascular regeneration, macrophage infiltration
