Peripheral blood monocytes show increased osteoclast differentiation potential compared to bone marrow monocytes
Elina Kylmäoja,
Miho Nakamura,
Sanna Turunen,
Christina Patlaka,
Göran Andersson,
Petri Lehenkari,
Juha Tuukkanen
Affiliations
Elina Kylmäoja
Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90014, Finland; Corresponding author.
Miho Nakamura
Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90014, Finland; Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda, Tokyo 1010062, Japan
Sanna Turunen
Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90014, Finland
Christina Patlaka
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Pathology F46, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, 14186 Stockholm, Sweden
Göran Andersson
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Pathology F46, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, 14186 Stockholm, Sweden
Petri Lehenkari
Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90014, Finland
Juha Tuukkanen
Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90014, Finland
Bone marrow (BM) and peripheral blood (PB) derived mononuclear cells are precursors of in vitro osteoclast differentiation. However, few studies have compared the phenotypic and functional properties of osteoclasts generated from these sources and the effects of different growth factors on osteoclastogenesis. Both cell types differentiated into functional osteoclasts, but culturing the cells with or without transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) and dexamethasone revealed differences in their osteoclastogenic capacity. When receptor activator for nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL) and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) were used for differentiation, we did not observe differences in bone resorption activity or expression of osteoclastogenic genes calcitonin receptor (CR) and nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFATc1) between the osteoclasts formed from the two sources. Addition of TGF-β and dexamethasone led to higher number of nuclei in multinuclear cells and increased expression of tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRACP) 5a and 5b, CR and NFATc1 in PB- derived osteoclasts depicting the higher osteoclastogenic potential and responsiveness to TGF-β and dexamethasone in PB monocytes. These results conclude that the choice of the osteoclast precursor source as well as the choice of osteoclastogenic growth factors are essential matters in determining the phenotypic characteristics of heterogeneous osteoclast populations.
