The Development and Initial Validation of the REST Questionnaire: A Multidimensional Tool for Assessing Fatigue in Individuals with and Without a History of Cancer
Giuseppe Di Lorenzo,
Carlo Buonerba,
Raffaele Baio,
Eleonora Monteleone,
Francesco Passaro,
Antonio Tufano,
Vittorino Montanaro,
Vittorio Riccio,
Ilaria Gallo,
Francesca Cappuccio,
Federica Fortino,
Anna Buonocore,
Federica Monaco,
Antonio Verde,
Anna Rita Amato,
Oriana Strianese,
Ferdinando Costabile,
Luca Scafuri
Affiliations
Giuseppe Di Lorenzo
Oncology Unit, “Andrea Tortora” Hospital, ASL Salerno, 84016 Pagani, Italy
Carlo Buonerba
Oncology Unit, “Andrea Tortora” Hospital, ASL Salerno, 84016 Pagani, Italy
Raffaele Baio
Department of Urology, Umberto I, Nocera Inferiore, 84014 Salerno, Italy
Eleonora Monteleone
Department of Urology, Istituito Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione G. Pascale, 80131 Napoli, Italy
Francesco Passaro
Department of Urology, Istituito Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione G. Pascale, 80131 Napoli, Italy
Antonio Tufano
Department of Urology, Istituito Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione G. Pascale, 80131 Napoli, Italy
Vittorino Montanaro
Urology Unit, San Leonardo Hospital, Castellammare Di Stabia, 80053 Naples, Italy
Vittorio Riccio
Ospedale S. Maria della Pietà, 80026 Casoria, Italy
Ilaria Gallo
Primary Care Department, ASL Salerno (SA), 84016 Pagani, Italy
Francesca Cappuccio
Oncology Unit, “Andrea Tortora” Hospital, ASL Salerno, 84016 Pagani, Italy
Federica Fortino
Oncology Unit, “Andrea Tortora” Hospital, ASL Salerno, 84016 Pagani, Italy
Anna Buonocore
Primary Care Department, ASL Salerno (SA), 84016 Pagani, Italy
Federica Monaco
Department of Anesthesia, San Paolo Hospital ASL Napoli 1 Centro, 80125 Naples, Italy
Antonio Verde
Oncology Unit, “Andrea Tortora” Hospital, ASL Salerno, 84016 Pagani, Italy
Anna Rita Amato
Oncology Unit, “Andrea Tortora” Hospital, ASL Salerno, 84016 Pagani, Italy
Oriana Strianese
Oncology Unit, “Andrea Tortora” Hospital, ASL Salerno, 84016 Pagani, Italy
Ferdinando Costabile
Oncology Unit, “Andrea Tortora” Hospital, ASL Salerno, 84016 Pagani, Italy
Luca Scafuri
Oncology Unit, “Andrea Tortora” Hospital, ASL Salerno, 84016 Pagani, Italy
Background: Fatigue is a prevalent and complex condition with significant impacts on well-being. Existing fatigue assessments often lack comprehensiveness or practicality for general population studies. Methods: This study validated the REST Questionnaire, a novel fatigue assessment tool, in a sample of 268 adults. Psychometric properties, including internal consistency and construct validity, were evaluated. REST scores were correlated with WHO-5 well-being, BMI, self-rated health, and chronic conditions. Exploratory factor analysis identified underlying dimensions of fatigue. Results: The REST Questionnaire demonstrated excellent internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.918) and construct validity. Higher fatigue scores were associated with lower well-being, female gender, and the presence of certain chronic conditions (cancer, kidney stones, gastric ulcers). Two distinct fatigue dimensions, “physical fatigue and functional impacts” and “emotional and social consequences”, were identified. Conclusions: The REST Questionnaire is a reliable and valid tool for assessing fatigue in the general population. Its multidimensional framework and sensitivity to comorbidities offer valuable insights for research and public health applications, with the potential to inform targeted interventions aimed at improving well-being.