Tea Polyphenols Inhibit Methanogenesis and Improve Rumen Epithelial Transport in Dairy Cows

Abstract

This study systematically investigated the effects of tea polyphenols on methane (CH4) production and the rumen epithelial cell transport capability in cattle using both in vitro and animal experiments, employing multi-omics techniques. The in vitro results demonstrated that, compared to the control group, tea polyphenols significantly reduced CH4 production and the acetate/propionate ratio (p 4 production by inhibiting the relative abundance of unclassified_d_Archaea methanogens and the protozoa Pseudoentodinium and g__Balantioides. The animal experiments showed that tea polyphenols significantly increased the concentrations of T-AOC and GSH-PX in bovine blood (p Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group, Ruminococcaceae_NK4A214_group, and Butyrivibrio_2 were significantly enriched in the ruminal fluid of the tea polyphenol group (p 0.05). The proteomic results indicated significant upregulation of proteins such as COIII, S100A8, FABP1, SLC2A8, and SLC29A1 (p p p 4 production and enhancing the host’s rumen epithelial cell transport capacity for volatile fatty acids.

Keywords

• tea polyphenols
• dairy cattle
• rumen microbiome
• methane emissions
• rumen epithelial cell transport