Prognostic impact of follow‐up serum albumin after acute myocardial infarction

Abstract

Abstract Aims Previous studies have suggested that low serum albumin (LSA) at admission for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is associated with adverse in‐hospital outcomes. The aim of this study was to investigate whether LSA in the remote phase after AMI is prognostic for long‐term outcomes. Methods and results This was a single‐centre, retrospective study of consecutive patients admitted for AMI from 2008 to 2016. Serum albumin concentrations were measured serially at admission and 1 year after discharge in Japanese patients. Occurrence of a composite of hospitalization for heart failure and cardiovascular death was the primary endpoint. The prognostic impact of remote LSA, defined as a serum albumin level < 3.8 g/dL at 1 year after discharge, was investigated with a multivariate‐adjusted Cox model. Among 1424 subjects analysed, 289 (20.3%) had LSA at admission, and 165 (11.6%) had LSA at 1 year after discharge. During follow‐up (median: 4.1 years), the primary endpoint occurred in 31/165 (18.8%) patients with remote LSA and 42/1259 (3.3%) patients without it [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR), 2.76; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.32 to 5.72; P = 0.007]. The all‐cause death rate was 29.7% (49/165) in patients with remote LSA and 4.3% (54/1259) in patients without it (aHR, 4.02; 95% CI, 2.36 to 6.87; P < 0.001). The prognostic impact of remote LSA was consistent across albumin status in the acute phase of AMI. Conclusions Regardless of albumin status in the acute phase of AMI, LSA in the remote phase after AMI was significantly associated with long‐term adverse outcomes.

Keywords

• Acute myocardial infarction
• Nutritional status
• Albumin
• Heart failure