Sapanca Gölü Havzası’nda Arazi Kullanımı ve Mekânsal Değişim

Abstract

While the Lake Sapanca Basin, which is one of the significant lake basins of Turkey, had been prominent with its rural character until the early 1990s, it has now become a basin where urban activities are intensely experienced. In addition to urban activities that gained momentum with the TEM highway passing by the south of Lake Sapanca, the fact that the basin has become a center of attraction in terms of tourism has led to significant changes in the land cover and land use structure of the basin. Expansion of the urban and rural settlements in the basin and the increase in the construction of second housing and touristic facilities challenge the carrying capacity of the basin and lead to destruction of the natural environment. In this study, the current land cover and land use structure of the Lake Sapanca Basin was examined, and the change that occurred in the period of 1985-2020 was analyzed with geographic information systems over satellite images. It has been determined that the utilization rate in the basin was 2.27% in 1985 and reached 8.28% in 2020. It was observed that the population density reached up to 250 people per km² in the basin in general and became 1500 people per km² in the Sapanca city in the south of the basin.

Keywords

• geography
• land use
• geographic information systems
• spatial change
• sapanca lake basin